| Chapter 6. Other Kinds of Machinings
Plumbing
About Plumbing
Although it differs from machining, when making a fluid machine treating
gas or a liquid, the knowledge and technology of plumbing become important.
There are many standardized plumbing parts. If they are combined, the seal
of 10 atmospheric pressure (1.0 MPa) grade or the pressure beyond it, is
also easy. Some plumbing tools and parts are introduced on this page.
Cutting of a Pipe
For the plumbing, a copper pipe or a stainless steel pipe are used in many
cases. When cutting a pipe, it is good to use the pipe cutter as shown
in Figure 1. If a hand saw is used for the cutting a pipe, it may be crushed
(a) Pipe Cutter
| This is a pipe cutter for cutting a comparatively thin pipe. If it is a
copper pipe to a diameter 12 mm grade, it can cut easily. |
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(b) Cutting of a Copper Pipe
| The pipe cutter is turned binding the edge of a pipe cutter tight. With
the repeated rotation, the pipe can be cut finely. |
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Fig.1, Pipe Cutter
Bending of a Pipe
When bending a pipe, a pipe vender as shown in Figure 2 is used. A soft copper pipe can also bend by a hand without the special tool, but in such cases, the bent part may collapse. The pipe vender must arrange some kinds according to the diameter of pipes.
For bending the copper pipe which became hard, it is ...
The old copper pipe is hard and it may be hard to bend. In such cases,
it will become soft if a copper pipe is lightly heated with a gas burner.
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Fig.2, Pipe Benders
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Procedure of Bending a Pipe
(1) A Copper pipe is set to the tool, and bend an optional angle. |
(2) The pipe, which bent using the pipe vender, is finished finely.
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Fig.3, Procedure of Bending a Pipe
Connecting of Pipes
There are many methods of connecting pipes. The flaring conection is the
most fundamental and easy method.
(a) Flaring Tool
| A special tool called a flaring tool is prepared. |
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(b) Fixation of a copper pipe
| A copper pipe is fixed to the flaring tool. The position is decided by
a diameter. |
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(c) Completed Flare
| A handle of the tool is turned, and the tip of a copper pipe is changed.
It is made the shape of a trumpet (flare). |
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(d) Flering Joint
| It attaches in a marketed flaring joint. If it binds tight exactly, the
seal to about 10 atmospheric pressure is easy. |
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Fig.4, Flering Tool and Flering Joint
Plumbing Parts
As the described above, many standardized plumbing parts are marketed and
they can get easily. There are many kinds, such as the parts which connect
pipes, and the parts which connect a pipe and a rubber hose. These plumbing
parts often use the taper screw.
(a) Steel Plumbing Parts
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(b) Brass Plumbing Parts
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Fig.5, Plumbing Parts
Other Plumbing Tools
Other plumbing tools are introduced. A monkey wrench and a pipe wrench,
shown in Figure 6, are the necessaries of the plumbing. Moreover, in machining,
the tap and dice of the screw for pipes may be needed.
Fig.6, Monkey Wrench and Pipe Wrench
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Fig.7, Plumbing Tap
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